‘Sin taxes’ transform health sector

Source: ‘Sin taxes’ transform health sector – herald Rumbidzayi Zinyuke Senior Health Reporter IF you are going to drink that extra beer, eat a pizza, or go aviator betting (chindege), at least your guilt is now funding a hospital down the road. “Sin taxes”, introduced by Government in 2024, are now bearing fruit. The money […]

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Source: ‘Sin taxes’ transform health sector – herald

Rumbidzayi Zinyuke

Senior Health Reporter

IF you are going to drink that extra beer, eat a pizza, or go aviator betting (chindege), at least your guilt is now funding a hospital down the road.

“Sin taxes”, introduced by Government in 2024, are now bearing fruit.

The money from any vice of choice is now buying life-saving equipment, stocking up on medicines and expanding rehabilitation services across the country.

In other words, go ahead and buy that fizzy drink. Just know that your wallet’s pain is someone else’s gain — and possibly their second chance at life.

In 2024, when Zimbabwe introduced a raft of levies on products such as cigarettes, alcohol, sweetened beverages, fast foods and gambling activities, the objective was to discourage unhealthy consumption while generating resources to support national development.

Few could have imagined then that some of the revenue collected from those taxes would one day be used to save lives and strengthen Zimbabwe’s healthcare system.

Today, that vision is steadily becoming a reality.

The strategy reflects the Second Republic’s commitment to innovative domestic resource mobilisation while advancing key priorities under the National Development Strategy 2 (NDS2), which identifies quality healthcare as a cornerstone for achieving Vision 2030 and transforming Zimbabwe into an upper-middle-income economy.

At the centre of these efforts is the sugar tax, introduced in 2024 on sweetened beverages as part of Government’s strategy to combat the growing burden of non-communicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.

The tax was also designed to create a sustainable source of funding for health services, ensuring that resources generated from products linked to disease are reinvested into preventing and treating illness.

At Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals in Harare and Mpilo Central Hospital in Bulawayo, technicians are putting the final touches on the installation of advanced radiotherapy equipment funded through proceeds from the sugar tax.

Additional cancer treatment and diagnostic equipment also arrived in the country this week, signalling a major step forward in the modernisation of Zimbabwe’s cancer care services.

The investment is expected to transform cancer care in the country, where demand for diagnosis and treatment services has continued to rise.

Cancer remains a growing public health concern, with the National Cancer Registry recording more than 7 000 new cases annually.

The arrival of new radiotherapy and diagnostic machines is, therefore, being welcomed as a major step towards improving access to timely cancer care.

The Minister of Finance, Economic Development and Investment Promotion, Professor Mthuli Ncube, this week said the procurement of equipment demonstrates that resources collected through the sugar tax are being used for their intended purpose.

“I’m pleased to see this progress that the tax on beverages, sugar content in beverages, is being put to good use as intended. This radiotherapy machine has been delivered, it is being installed and will begin operations in the next couple of weeks, according to the technicians. So I’m very pleased with this progress,” he said.

Prof Ncube said the tax would continue to provide a reliable stream of funding for healthcare investments.

“This tax is not a once-off tax, so every year, every month, we’re raising some resources and they go towards further procurement, but also procurements of drugs and other material that is required to make this work,” he said.

The Minister said additional specialised equipment was expected to arrive for all hospitals as the Government accelerates efforts to modernise cancer treatment services.

“More advanced machines are arriving this week, additional machines split between Parirenyatwa and Mpilo hospitals, our key referral hospitals. We will procure as much as possible. Our view is that in the next two years, there has to be a complete change, transformation,” Prof Ncube added.

He said cancer care had become a priority area for resources generated through the sugar tax, with the proceeds already ring-fenced for health spending.

“Sugar tax is already ring-fenced. That’s what we are using to buy these machines. Frankly, we are making sure that it just supports the health sector. Cancer has been our first port of call,” Prof Ncube said.

The benefits of Zimbabwe’s health taxes extend beyond cancer care.

Government is also using revenue from airtime and data levies to support an internal health fund.

Taxes on gambling activities are being directed towards addressing drug and substance abuse through the development of rehabilitation centres.

Drug and substance abuse has become a pervasive challenge in Zimbabwe and across the African continent.

At least 80 percent of patients admitted to mental health institutions are a result of drug and substance misuse.

“We also have other taxes which have been targeted at the health sector, such as the airtime levy, for example. We actually have an internal government health fund that supports the health sector with resources coming from the airtime levy and data usage levy. Also, you are aware of the gambling tax, for which we’re targeting a different sort of health challenge, which is the drug and substance abuse challenge,” Prof Ncube said.

The strategy reflects a growing shift towards ensuring that taxes collected from products and activities associated with health risks are reinvested into protecting and improving public health.

For Zimbabweans seeking treatment, the impact is becoming increasingly visible,  whether through better-equipped hospitals, improved access to medicines or expanded services for vulnerable groups.

As new machines begin operating and more investments come on stream, the country’s sin taxes are proving that revenue collected from unhealthy habits can be transformed into healthier lives and a stronger healthcare system.

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UK pledges to support Zim in UNSC

Source: UK pledges to support Zim in UNSC – herald Zvamaida Murwira Senior Reporter THE United Kingdom has pledged to work with Zimbabwe when it takes up its United Nations Security Council non-permanent seat that it overwhelmingly won early this week. This was said by outgoing UK Ambassador to Zimbabwe, Mr Pete Vowles, while briefing […]

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Source: UK pledges to support Zim in UNSC – herald

Zvamaida Murwira

Senior Reporter

THE United Kingdom has pledged to work with Zimbabwe when it takes up its United Nations Security Council non-permanent seat that it overwhelmingly won early this week.

This was said by outgoing UK Ambassador to Zimbabwe, Mr Pete Vowles, while briefing journalists soon after bidding farewell to President Mnangagwa at State House in Harare yesterday.

Zimbabwe is expected to assume the UNSC non-permanent seat for the 2027 to 2028 term on January 1, 2027 after it garnered 182 votes from a potential 190 when elections were held in New York, the UN headquarters, on Wednesday.

Amb Vowles said he was delighted that during his tenure, bilateral relations between the two countries had improved tremendously.

“We spoke about the UN Security Council and our congratulations as the British Government to Zimbabwe for securing a seat as a non-permanent member of the Security Council. We have a lot to talk about in the coming months as Zimbabwe prepares its term for the Security Council,” said Amb Vowles.

He pledged London’s strong support for Zimbabwe on the UNSC.

“The world is so complicated and there are so many important things to discuss. Peace and security in Africa, territorial sovereignty, climate change, so the UN Security Council is a great opportunity for Zimbabwe and the UK to build relations in our shared values.”

The UK is one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, enjoying veto power.

Others are the United States of America, France, China and Russia.

Zimbabwe and the UK had a frosty relationship at the turn of the millennium after Harare embarked on a land redistribution programme aimed at addressing land imbalances skewed against indigenous people.

Amb Vowles acknowledged the bickering that occurred in the past, but said it took a lot of diplomatic effort to improve relations.

“I think the magic is that we collectively agreed that we are better off working together as two nations and we are better off putting some of the past behind us, that is what we have tried to do as the British Government.

“However, I also recognise what the Government of Zimbabwe has tried to do, . . . to then have those conversations behind closed doors and be respectful with each other.

“The world is so complicated; there are no easy answers to the world’s problems and so actually by being able to address those problems together, working together, we can move forward and I think that is what we have collectively done in recent years,” he said.

Amb Vowles said Zimbabwe and the United Kingdom’s bilateral relations have grown phenomenally in recent years.

“What has been really interesting in the last few years has been how we have advanced the bilateral relationship, that we are now talking again, we are in the same room together.

“We have British Ministers visiting Zimbabwe, Zimbabwean Ministers visiting London, and we may not always agree on things but we can do that in a respectful way behind closed doors and I am really proud that we have got to that place”.

The British envoy said trade relations btween the two countries have also improved.

“You build a respectful partnership to achieve things together, so what we then talked about is the economic partnership between Britain and Zimbabwe, how we have been really driving trade numbers up, but not just trade, trade that adds value to rural communities, to urban communities.

“I am really pleased with the work on smallholder farmers being able to access UK markets duty-free, quota-free, but then we talked about our work on climate, on agriculture, renewables, solar, some of those works, and then of course some of the commercial partnerships and again, His Excellency the President and I

agreed that there is more we can do and want to do more together.”

Amb Vowles said he regretted leaving Zimbabwe, having stayed in the country earlier on as a teacher, development worker, tourist and diplomat.

To show his affection for Zimbabwe, the outgoing UK Ambassador greeted President Mnangagwa in the Shona language and part of the interview he had with journalists was in the vernacular language.

“It is a slightly emotional moment for me to be leaving Zimbabwe after so many years and a career that spanned four decades in and out of Zimbabwe. I wanted just to say a huge thank you to Zimbabweans,” said Amb Vowles.

Earlier on, outgoing Switzerland Ambassador to Zimbabwe, Mr Stephanie Ray, also bade farewell to President Mnangagwa after a four-year tour of duty.

Briefing journalists soon after meeting the President, Amb Ray said Switzerland is keen to do more in terms of investment and other development projects in Zimbabwe, given the bilateral relations the two countries enjoy.

He said his country was committed to deepening co-operation with Harare.

“Our relations have been strengthened over the past four years. We have made a great deal of progress in many areas together as partners, and you know the quality of the relationship also depends on how much an Ambassador can work, right? And Zimbabwe has let me work in many fields, and we have co-created a lot of things,” said Amb Ray.

“We supported Zimbabwe in its journey towards the abolition of the death penalty; we have set up a fund, a cultural fund to uplift artists, and we have supported tens of artists through an initiative called SSADZA (Swiss Support to Arts Development in Zimbabwe), and this has added to the visibility of Swiss-Zimbabwean relations. We are still a top foreign investor, the number one foreign investor, a direct investor from Europe in

Zimbabwe. We have great companies present here, and they all want to do more.”

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Zimbabwe to host new lithium carbonate plant

China’s Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Ltd. is planning to establish a lithium carbonate processing plant in Zimbabwe, marking a significant step in the country’s efforts to move up the value chain in its fast-growing battery minerals sector. The development was confirmed by Mines and Mining Development Minister Polite Kambamura, who said the project aligns with government […]

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China’s Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Ltd. is planning to establish a lithium carbonate processing plant in Zimbabwe, marking a significant step in the country’s efforts to move up the value chain in its fast-growing battery minerals sector.

The development was confirmed by Mines and Mining Development Minister Polite Kambamura, who said the project aligns with government policy requiring foreign mining investors to expand local beneficiation capacity.

“They will be producing lithium carbonate, which is more valued,” Kambamura told reporters in Harare. “So we look forward to firming up of metal prices globally, and also to increase our export revenues.”

Zimbabwe has in recent years emerged as a key global supplier of lithium feedstock, largely driven by increased investment from Chinese mining companies. However, authorities have been pressing investors to process minerals locally rather than exporting raw ore.

The proposed plant by Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Ltd. is expected to convert lithium ore into lithium carbonate, a higher-value product widely used in the production of electric vehicle batteries and energy storage systems.

Zimbabwe accounted for roughly 10% of global mined lithium output last year, according to the US Geological Survey, underscoring its growing importance in the global critical minerals supply chain.

Minister Kambamura said the mining sector is projected to generate up to US$7 billion in revenue this year, compared to about US$2 billion recorded in the first half of the year, driven largely by gold and increasing output from key minerals such as lithium.

“We are looking forward to this being anchored by the export receipts from minerals such as gold,” he said.

The planned investment is expected to strengthen Zimbabwe’s ambitions to position itself as a regional hub for lithium processing, as global demand for battery minerals continues to rise amid the transition to cleaner energy technologies.

Source – Bloomberg

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Zimbabwean officials caught up in industrial-scale looting of lithium

Zimbabwe’s fast-growing lithium industry has come under fresh scrutiny following allegations that politically connected syndicates and private actors are exploiting governance gaps to facilitate mineral smuggling and illicit financial flows in one of the world’s most strategically important battery metal sectors. A new assessment by the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organised Crime (GI-TOC) warns that […]

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Zimbabwe’s fast-growing lithium industry has come under fresh scrutiny following allegations that politically connected syndicates and private actors are exploiting governance gaps to facilitate mineral smuggling and illicit financial flows in one of the world’s most strategically important battery metal sectors.

A new assessment by the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organised Crime (GI-TOC) warns that Zimbabwe’s mineral economy is increasingly exposed to organised crime networks, particularly in gold, diamonds and lithium — minerals that are central to global supply chains and the electric vehicle revolution.

The report, part of the Global Organised Crime Index 2025, describes a complex system involving criminal networks, state-embedded actors and private sector interests allegedly collaborating to divert mineral wealth away from formal channels.

“Illegal extraction and smuggling of gold, lithium and diamonds involve a complex web of criminal syndicates, state-embedded actors and private sector entities,” the GI-TOC said. “Non-renewable resource crimes are among Zimbabwe’s most profitable illicit markets.”

While the report does not quantify lithium-specific losses, it highlights growing concerns over governance weaknesses in an industry where Zimbabwe has rapidly emerged as a key global supplier of hard-rock lithium.

The country is estimated to account for around 10% of global mined lithium output, with major operations at Arcadia, Bikita, Sabi Star, Kamativi and Zulu transforming Zimbabwe into one of the fastest-growing lithium hubs in Africa.

However, investigators argue that the same mineral boom has created opportunities for illicit exploitation, echoing past controversies in the country’s mining sector, including the Marange diamond era and longstanding concerns over gold smuggling.

“Corrupt officials facilitate these operations by granting unauthorised access to mining permits and ignoring regulatory violations,” the report added, warning that illicit minerals are entering global supply chains through opaque networks.

The GI-TOC further notes that Zimbabwe’s organised crime landscape is dominated by loosely connected networks rather than formal hierarchies, with significant influence in gold smuggling and money laundering operations.

It also raises concerns about alleged involvement of “state-embedded actors” in financial crimes and mineral-related corruption, claims that have historically been strongly contested by authorities.

Mining remains a cornerstone of Zimbabwe’s economic recovery strategy, with government projecting multi-billion-dollar growth in mineral exports. However, analysts and civil society groups warn that illicit financial flows continue to undermine official targets.

Resource governance advocates have previously estimated that Zimbabwe could be losing between US$2.7 billion and US$5.7 billion annually through illicit financial flows, while some projections place the figure as high as US$15 billion — though these estimates remain disputed.

Home Affairs Minister Kazembe Kazembe previously said the country loses around US$100 million worth of gold every month through smuggling.

Investigative reports and civil society organisations, including the Centre for Natural Resource Governance, argue that such losses may be significantly higher due to underreporting and complex cross-border laundering schemes.

High-profile cases have repeatedly drawn attention to governance concerns in the mining sector, including gold smuggling incidents and alleged trafficking networks involving artisanal miners and intermediaries.

In response to the latest allegations, Mines and Mining Development Minister Polite Kambamura dismissed claims of illegal lithium mining, insisting government is focused on strengthening oversight and promoting local beneficiation.

“There is no such thing. No illegal lithium mining is taking place,” he said, adding that authorities are prioritising in-country value addition through processing projects such as lithium carbonate production.

Despite the controversy, Zimbabwe continues to attract significant foreign investment in lithium, particularly from Chinese mining firms, as global demand for battery minerals accelerates.

The GI-TOC report warns, however, that without stronger enforcement and transparency mechanisms, the country risks repeating historical patterns of resource leakage seen in other mineral booms.

As lithium becomes increasingly central to global energy transition strategies, Zimbabwe’s ability to balance investment inflows with governance reforms may determine whether its mineral wealth translates into broad-based economic development or continues to fuel illicit enrichment networks.

Source – The Independent

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Resetting Cost Competitiveness in Zimbabwe’s Packaging and Manufacturing Industry: Why the Future Belongs to Integrated, AI-Driven Industrial Operations

Zimbabwe’s manufacturing sector has spent much of the past two decades battling an extraordinary combination of challenges. Currency instability, unreliable power supplies, limited access to affordable capital, infrastructure constraints, import competition, and weakening domestic demand have all contributed to the gradual erosion of industrial competitiveness. By Brighton Musonza Within this broader manufacturing landscape, packaging producers, […]

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Zimbabwe’s manufacturing sector has spent much of the past two decades battling an extraordinary combination of challenges. Currency instability, unreliable power supplies, limited access to affordable capital, infrastructure constraints, import competition, and weakening domestic demand have all contributed to the gradual erosion of industrial competitiveness.

By Brighton Musonza

Within this broader manufacturing landscape, packaging producers, paper converters, carton manufacturers, tissue producers, agro-industrial processors, and related industries occupy a critical but often overlooked position. These businesses form an essential link in the country’s value chains, supporting agriculture, mining, food processing, beverages, pharmaceuticals, retail, logistics, and exports.

Yet the operating environment facing these industries is becoming increasingly difficult. Rising energy costs, fluctuating raw material prices, foreign currency shortages, transportation costs, supply-chain disruptions, and subdued consumer demand are compressing margins across the sector. The traditional methods that companies have relied upon to improve performance—cost cutting, procurement savings, workforce rationalisation, and incremental operational improvements—are no longer sufficient.

A fundamental shift is underway globally. The most successful industrial businesses are moving beyond isolated cost-saving initiatives and instead pursuing comprehensive, system-wide optimisation strategies that combine operational excellence, advanced analytics, artificial intelligence, energy management, and supply-chain integration.

For Zimbabwean manufacturers, this emerging model may offer one of the most important pathways towards restoring competitiveness, improving profitability, and ensuring long-term industrial sustainability.

The New Reality Facing Zimbabwean Manufacturers

The challenges confronting Zimbabwe’s industrial sector mirror many of the structural pressures currently affecting manufacturing industries around the world.

Demand growth remains uneven and highly volatile. Household incomes have come under pressure from inflationary cycles, limiting consumer spending power and weakening demand for packaged consumer goods. Businesses themselves are becoming more cautious, maintaining lower inventory levels and postponing capital expenditure decisions.

At the same time, input costs continue to rise.

Electricity shortages have forced many manufacturers to rely on diesel generators, significantly increasing production costs. Fuel prices remain vulnerable to global geopolitical developments, while imported machinery components, chemicals, and industrial inputs are affected by exchange-rate volatility and foreign currency constraints.

The result is a difficult operating environment where revenue growth is slowing while production costs continue to rise.

In previous decades, manufacturers could often compensate for inefficiencies through volume growth. Today, that option is increasingly unavailable.

The new competitive environment demands a different approach.

Why Traditional Cost-Cutting Is No Longer Enough

For many years, industrial companies approached cost reduction through individual functional departments.

Procurement teams focused on supplier negotiations. Operations departments pursued production efficiencies. Maintenance teams concentrated on reducing downtime. Energy managers worked to lower utility costs.

While these initiatives delivered value, they often operated independently of one another.

The problem with this approach is that industrial systems are highly interconnected.

A decision to reduce raw material costs may increase processing costs. Changes to energy consumption may affect production quality. Reductions in maintenance expenditure may increase equipment failures and downtime.

As a result, local optimisation frequently fails to deliver global optimisation.

The most successful industrial companies now recognise that competitiveness depends not on improving individual functions in isolation but on optimising the entire production system simultaneously.

This shift from functional excellence to system-wide excellence represents one of the most important transformations occurring in global manufacturing.

Understanding Zimbabwe’s Industrial Cost Structure

To appreciate where opportunities exist, it is important to understand the primary cost drivers within Zimbabwean manufacturing operations.

Raw materials typically represent the largest cost category. Whether in food processing, packaging, chemicals, textiles, building materials, or paper conversion, imported and locally sourced inputs often account for the majority of production costs.

Energy represents another major expense. Zimbabwe’s power challenges have effectively transformed energy management into a strategic business function. Companies capable of optimising electricity consumption, managing peak demand, integrating renewable energy, and reducing fuel dependency enjoy significant competitive advantages.

Transport and logistics costs have become increasingly important as businesses contend with deteriorating road infrastructure, rising fuel prices, and regional supply-chain complexities.

Labour costs remain significant but are often misunderstood. While labour expenses are lower than in many developed economies, productivity levels frequently lag behind international benchmarks due to outdated equipment, limited automation, and insufficient skills development.

Maintenance and equipment reliability also represent major cost centres. Many Zimbabwean manufacturers operate machinery that has exceeded its intended lifespan, increasing downtime, maintenance requirements, and production inefficiencies.

The challenge is that these cost categories interact continuously. Improvements in one area often influence performance elsewhere.

This is precisely why integrated optimisation is becoming essential.

The Emergence of Industrial Site Sprints

Globally, leading industrial organisations are increasingly adopting what can be described as “site sprint” methodologies—rapid, cross-functional improvement programmes designed to optimise the total cost base of an operation rather than individual cost components.

These initiatives bring together specialists from operations, procurement, engineering, energy management, finance, and data analytics to identify opportunities that would remain invisible within traditional organisational structures.

The objective is not merely to reduce costs but to identify the most economically efficient operating point for the entire production system.

International experience demonstrates that this approach can generate substantial improvements in profitability. Companies that have adopted integrated optimisation strategies have achieved cost reductions ranging from single-digit improvements to nearly twenty percent at individual production facilities, representing hundreds of millions of dollars in cumulative savings.

For Zimbabwean manufacturers operating under severe margin pressure, even modest improvements of five to ten percent could dramatically improve competitiveness and financial performance.

Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Analytics as Competitive Tools

One of the most significant developments supporting this new approach is the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and data analytics.

Historically, many industrial decisions relied heavily on human judgment and historical experience.

Today, AI systems can analyse thousands of variables simultaneously, identifying patterns and optimisation opportunities that would be impossible for individuals to detect.

For Zimbabwean manufacturers, artificial intelligence presents opportunities across numerous operational areas.

Production planning can be optimised to minimise waste and maximise equipment utilisation.

Supply-chain systems can forecast demand more accurately, reducing inventory costs while improving service levels.

Energy consumption can be dynamically adjusted based on production schedules and electricity pricing structures.

Procurement teams can identify optimal supplier combinations and purchasing strategies.

Predictive maintenance systems can identify equipment failures before they occur, reducing downtime and maintenance costs.

Most importantly, AI enables companies to understand the complex interactions between different parts of their operations and make decisions that optimise overall performance rather than individual functions.

Energy Management as a Strategic Priority

Few issues are more important to the Zimbabwean industry than energy.

The country’s recurring electricity shortages have transformed energy from a routine utility expense into a major determinant of industrial competitiveness.

Companies that continue to treat energy as a fixed cost are likely to struggle.

Forward-looking manufacturers are increasingly adopting integrated energy management strategies that combine operational planning, renewable energy investments, battery storage technologies, demand management systems, and energy efficiency initiatives.

Solar energy projects, industrial microgrids, waste-to-energy solutions, and cogeneration systems are becoming increasingly attractive as businesses seek greater energy independence.

The future competitiveness of Zimbabwean manufacturing may depend as much on energy strategy as on production strategy.

Building a Data-Driven Industrial Culture

Technology alone cannot deliver sustainable competitiveness.

The most successful industrial transformations occur when organisations develop a culture of continuous improvement supported by data-driven decision-making.

This requires investments in skills development, leadership capability, and organisational learning.

Employees at all levels must become comfortable using data, analytics, and digital tools to support decision-making.

Managers must move beyond intuition-based management toward evidence-based operational leadership.

Executives must view technology not merely as a support function but as a strategic enabler of business growth and competitiveness.

In many respects, the future of manufacturing will depend less on machines than on how effectively people use information.

The Regional Competitive Challenge

Zimbabwean manufacturers are not competing solely against domestic rivals.

Regional competitors in South Africa, Zambia, Egypt, Kenya, Morocco, and increasingly Asia continue to invest heavily in automation, digital technologies, renewable energy, and supply-chain optimisation.

At the same time, global trade dynamics are creating new opportunities and threats.

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) offers access to larger markets but also exposes local producers to greater competition.

Companies that fail to improve cost competitiveness risk losing market share not only internationally but within Zimbabwe itself.

Conversely, firms that successfully modernise operations could position themselves as regional export champions capable of competing across Southern and Eastern Africa.

Recommendations

Zimbabwean manufacturers should abandon fragmented cost-reduction programmes and adopt integrated operational excellence strategies that optimise entire production systems rather than individual functions.

Business leaders should accelerate investments in data infrastructure, digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and advanced analytics. These tools are increasingly becoming necessities rather than optional enhancements.

Energy resilience should be elevated to a board-level strategic priority. Manufacturers should actively explore renewable energy investments, battery storage solutions, energy-efficiency initiatives, and integrated energy-management systems.

The government should support industrial modernisation through incentives that encourage technology adoption, energy investments, digital transformation, and productivity enhancement programmes.

Financial institutions should develop financing products specifically designed to support industrial modernisation, automation, and energy-transition projects.

Universities, technical colleges, and industry associations should strengthen programmes focused on industrial engineering, data science, artificial intelligence, energy management, and advanced manufacturing technologies.

Manufacturers themselves must embrace a culture of continuous improvement, ensuring that operational excellence becomes an ongoing capability rather than a temporary project.

Conclusion

Zimbabwe’s manufacturing sector is entering a decisive period. The economic conditions that once allowed companies to absorb inefficiencies through pricing adjustments, volume growth, or market protection are rapidly disappearing.

The future will belong to manufacturers capable of operating with world-class efficiency, agility, and technological sophistication.

Cost competitiveness can no longer be achieved through isolated procurement exercises or periodic restructuring programmes. It requires a fundamental rethinking of how industrial systems are managed, optimised, and continuously improved.

Artificial intelligence, advanced analytics, integrated operations, energy optimisation, and data-driven decision-making are becoming the defining characteristics of successful industrial organisations worldwide.

For Zimbabwe, the implications extend beyond individual companies. A more competitive manufacturing sector would strengthen exports, create employment, improve foreign currency earnings, stimulate investment, and enhance national economic resilience.

The challenge is significant, but so is the opportunity. Those manufacturers that act decisively to modernise their operations and reset their cost structures will not merely survive the coming decade. They will help shape the future of Zimbabwean industry and establish the foundations for a new era of industrial competitiveness and economic growth.

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